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Enabling food security through use of local rocks and minerals
David A.C.Manning, Suzi Huff Theodoro
Abstract
In many developing countries, replacement of the nutrients needed to produce subsistence and cash crops is a major challenge, because of cost and long/complex supply chains. Nutrient audits show that major nutrients are being removed from soils faster than they are being replenished, which is clearly unsustainable. The use of crushed silicate rocks as a source of plant nutrients predates the use of the chemical fertilizers that have revolutionised global agriculture. Such highly soluble fertilizers are not ideal for the deeply leached oxisols wide spread in the global south, and are rapidly leached. ...
A preliminary evaluation of volcanic rock powder for application in agriculture as soil a remineralizer
Claudete G Ramos, Xavier Querol, Marcos L S Oliveira, Karen Pires, Rubens M Kautzmann, Luis F S Oliveira
Abstract
Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of volcanic rock residue, from a crushing plant in the Nova Prata Mining District, State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, in this work named rock powder, were investigated in view of its potential application as soil ammendment in agriculture. Abaut 52,400 m3 of mining waste is generated annually in the city of Nova Prata without a proper disposal. The nutrients potentially available to plants were evaluated through leaching laboratory tests.
Nutrient leaching tests were performed ...
Is the climate change mitigation effect of enhanced silicate weathering governed by biological processes?
Sara Vicca, Daniel S. Goll, Mathilde Hagens, Jens Hartmann, Ivan A. Janssens, Anna Neubeck, Josep Peñuelas, Sílvia Poblador,Jet Rijnders, Jordi Sardans, Eric Struyf,Philipp Swoboda, Jan Willem van Groenigen, Arthur Vienne, Erik Verbruggen
Abstract
A number of negative emission technologies (NETs) have been proposed to actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere, with enhanced silicate weathering (ESW) as a relatively new NET with considerable climate change mitigation potential. Models calibrated to ESW rates in lab experiments estimate the global potential for inorganic carbon sequestration by ESW at about 0.5–5 Gt CO2 year−1, suggesting ESW ...
Effects of Rock Powder Additions to Cattle Slurry on Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Maria Eunice Paulade Souza, André Mundstock Xavierde Carvalho, Daniely de Cássia Deliberali, Ivo Jucksch, George Gardner Brown, Eduardo Sá Mendonça, Irene Maria Cardoso
Abstract
For several decades, farmers have been mixing rock powders with livestock slurry to reduce its NH3 emissions and increase its nutrient content. However, mixing rock powders with slurry is controversial, and there is currently no scientific evidence for its effects on NH3 and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or on changes in its nutrient content due to element release from rock powders. The major aim of this study was therefore to analyze the effects of mixing two ...
Urban Farming with Enhanced Rock Weathering As a Prospective Climate Stabilization Wedge
Fatima Haque, Rafael M. SantosRafael M. Santos
Abstract
With no single carbon capture and sequestration solution able to limit the global temperature rise to 1.5−2.0 °C by 2100, additional climate stabilization measures are needed to complement current mitigation approaches. Urban farming presents an easy-to-adopt pathway toward carbon neutrality, unlocking extensive urban surface areas that can be leveraged to grow food while sequestering CO2. Urban farming involves extensive surface areas, such as roofs, balconies, and vertical spaces, allowing for soil presence and atmospheric carbon sequestration through air-to-soil contact. In this ...
The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs
Negar Vakilifard, Euripides P Kantzas, Neil R Edwards, Philip B Holden and David J Beerling
Abstract
Meeting the net-zero carbon emissions commitments of major economies by mid century requires large-scale deployment of negative emission technologies (NETs). Terrestrial enhanced rock weathering on croplands (ERW) is a NET with co-benefits for agriculture, soils and ocean acidification that creates opportunities for generating income unaffected by diminishing carbon taxes as emissions approach net-zero. Here we show that ERW deployment with croplands to deliver net 2 Gt CO2 yr−1 removal approximately doubles the probability of meeting the Paris ...
Prospects for CO2 mineralization and enhanced weathering of ultramafic mine tailings from the Baptiste nickel deposit in British Columbia, Canada
Ian M.Power, Gregory M.Dipple, Peter M.D.Bradshaw, Anna L.Harrison
Abstract
The Baptiste deposit is located within the Decar nickel district in British Columbia, Canada and is a promising candidate for a CO2 sequestration demonstration project. The deposit contains awaruite (nickel-iron alloy) hosted in an ultramafic complex, which is dominated by serpentine [Mg3Si2O5(OH)4; ∼80 wt.%] and contains reactive brucite [Mg(OH)2; 0.6–12.6 wt.%]. Experiments were conducted using metallurgical test samples and pulps from cores with the aim of determining the potential for this deposit to sequester CO2 via direct air capture of atmospheric CO2 and ...
Opportunity for increasing the soil quality of non-arable and depleted soils in South Africa: A review
Angelique Daniell, Danél van Tonder
Abstract
The improvement of food security strategies on highly degraded soils has become a major challenge for South Africa, as the need to secure food sources for the growing population under harsher climatic conditions. South Africa is one of the many water scarce countries and is label 30th driest country in the world. The ability of a soil to serve as a growth medium for plants is directly influenced by the chemical, physical, and biological parameters but most importantly the fertility of the soil, which is a prominent part of soil quality. Numerous methods exist to enhance and maintain soil quality ...
Large carbon sink potential of secondary forests in the Brazilian Amazon to mitigate climate change
Viola H. A. Heinrich, Ricardo Dalagnol, Henrique L. G. Cassol, Thais M. Rosan, Catherine Torres de Almeida, Celso H. L. Silva Junior, Wesley A. Campanharo, Joanna I. House, Stephen Sitch, Tristram C. Hales, Marcos Adami, Liana O. Anderson & Luiz E. O. C. Aragão
Abstract
Tropical secondary forests sequester carbon up to 20 times faster than old-growth forests. This rate does not capture spatial regrowth patterns due to environmental and disturbance drivers. Here we quantify the influence of such drivers on the rate and spatial patterns of regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon using satellite data. Carbon sequestration rates of young secondary ...
